2 10 55 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/302ac9a3bfb2012b64b30a06068b8f13.jpeg?Expires=1787788800&Signature=LQCBnfjUNmlhMvoHWcuEEhVD%7E6S9gz9WgcEaatYxTASuuEv79hBgD9gIE23B2lGX4pTKe2L%7EoC%7EooTsPfkrIyLp4-5YPHYmZNHiTsj9rrHaPeNMG90O5Mtdu5LooACpXgI7XQA1JFW39WI7UgG1d0EVHA7G5fnO6D%7ELWhpnl5lKfHJN%7Eyw5dGtP%7EQ1Psjjbrei7bUfoc2%7EN1BoCeg9UHZIkoMltWBxQg8ZiyA5LYfQSHtY4fbr46yGXX4H%7Eh5wXXEGvh3anq3%7EBUUCbOdraKkRcgBMMYNgrJMhAwJXuvR-4QDOR%7EZ4XMYWPWkpQ1EYnRYjKic6TlYiI34lAjSQMN9A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 4ba97deceb4e234ecb81507bdead143e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Charlotte E. Propes Description An account of the resource Received her Ph.D. at University of Mississippi, 2003; Assistant Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 2010- as of 2026. Specializations in France, Modern Europe, China, Africa, and Methods. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2010 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2010s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/370e37a583687a9f7cd0d298fbc61fc3.jpeg?Expires=1787788800&Signature=W-u9eCjibH0Mvi1ALqWC3qWtgULWlbtjw4CvxxaNRG37ial59hAdDRBNuCoGVbfvmEMEzumlkyZRmJCiMXPvEN67LU2bUdtzaC6sYWKsJEKmzkG-yzIjkTIn9XEN9bvGOIbIlLqdFkwam0GHjnvt2qO04bhTRYK-PqNsswy93uSlFUnqfkvj3%7EpQVr4U13lkHZZfl5XVg96eJ1%7EuNPOAjOfFd-3Xxi8hGN7yZMeHcdS%7E7bXe115VcJiadAGVMHkM9ugmFJqQOxGTyeVCDHp0U4vPozlEj%7Eo7mQEeZZI64D8zAaJOgth7mOMaG17KNev4z758C1AVEEFVA0y3nm6Uuw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0b434b58f48aebef6ea14e133d8c8df9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Kent T. Dollar Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Description An account of the resource Received his B.A. at University of Southern Mississippi, 1986; M.A. at Mississippi College, 1994; Ph.D. at University of Tennessee (Knoxville), 2001. Assistant Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 2005; Associate Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 2010- Present; Chair of the History Department at Tennessee Technological University, 2022- as of 2026. Specializations in Civil War, Early Republic, Colonial, Religion, and 19th-century America. He has also written and co-written several books about the Civil War. His current research project as of 2026 focuses on religious interest among Civil War soldiers in the early months of the war. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/74f53698a52e079d38f1dc01d6c3157b.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=sEKGah30UItN3wprpqq9lzoqpFCY%7EFnkrlB2HEPh4UABGbhyFPz3WRq0xTNyGJ8ARivIuZlbcrPkjx2q8nkJnD39tMjWWPf81oEqnDDyn-l8AE-XAcVnxweM47Uj14Ry9f%7EP-IF58KFgE7i3JSegRiHjXH6ysI0khyo5cTkRiAUDitfKvCEfNnHDRfLEk4tClqiIdagb51w4YkQeTY-DGHGIFN5bzdIVQxpHZQdWsTfrXoJxNvpI3dxUHs229eJZPV2KRFp1LbL0kKg3dzHknFQW0Rsu%7E3jxNdb2dRY4NpVuGwu-5wpsZnTifhRqTBH-yXmlBHKRhBwu1EPZ-85cUw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 84b1351c8b0d9d1d81a8dea795d0021c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mary Jean DeLozier Description An account of the resource A.B., Randolph Macon Women's College, 1948; M.A., Tennessee Technological University, 1966. She worked at TTU as a part-time Instructor in History from 1968-1972. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harold Denton Description An account of the resource B.A., Tennessee Technological University, 1968; M.A., 1971. He worked at TTU as an part-time Instructor in History from 1971-1973. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/c2417dbee4744a1835b6b24bc09329dc.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=AeC%7EfknW9w47am-1mYP8i3eZS0PdRlnpmUru-DvDoxAAPQp4rctzkC9lAB4kmSYMROozAltsn8%7EQCgPaPI0nVl-mwjQeH4h5YN3cQjOzAJMwkOoZxTbXIezYGTOk8eKdjc0pByqo3jKbWp1GSWhvZ1ai7EFQsilVfMCANLmLvKacNhUEeCtisY26p1mzWBNhJcCa%7E%7E2hZ5aMHLWFomyBwPTQN-ccC6GzaE6BKan%7EFpTf7FjJtgP3cLTJBebUhI7ElNPj%7E8X0t2AugostYjgfcca-TC5YaFNScYGfNlSJIvMy%7EZJVF7mgvJLDa9JpXoU20e59dt-YPp62brnAYQaOyQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 005bcea183acc045cfc084da28d286e6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Betty Allen Description An account of the resource B.S., Tennessee Technological University, 1965; M.A., 1968. She worked at TTU as an part-time Instructor in History from 1968-1973. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/ecbec958966c234b7f5114257fbe2e9b.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=smq0RcIcLhCNakIgWWrXTcXSx4D83dERXridQ6M0thWU1iJfvrzY-8Y2BSTyNX7TbXy7tkYQVgK%7EdcXXIlRSXA83gbr8q4LX2Qukq9oCVxmqYRCHaPo%7EOkLH1DAVuxfn%7EqHB%7EJEiP9hC9b2k-Oubvi89C-0j0DZWvQm80mKPpjh%7E7-FvKRdkDFvO4jNlfnF%7EfSI-J431zLxwIKGcrNAI6Zj3tt1KboqO1yLUmmDDr0CBWj6f1dJeWyR6Dab5hC6UQP3I1LDKhy7LPYashJJadxI16rsS71fbnkT9g3gqLAY4dSMECgbemwevjcjnH9eu5ZcXaG8SFLLLM91HSt7fBg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 4038db8c5989736e65adf5ae6d041a39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Stuart O. Stumpf Description An account of the resource B.S., Miami University, 1966; M.A., 1967; Ph.D., Michigan State University, 1971. Begun at Tennessee Tech as an Assistant Professor of History in 1971. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/14e9abe5d3b6272b7335bdfdd7c23799.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=QLl1OEpP2AHERUT2U5WqY6wBRvAvbdoZLS-VEvQpXzyLf8t-nb0uYqrQuLE6rq781fO20beISQ2SrYN1EqOsVeB4kg2gnYNw45dn0fIJyeohTkKZLb0JwYjDKoaf%7Eo3JuqkYNQd58Z25WZjwxhVd70crXtArBftrUgg18Ye1deaZUgCen%7ETKcXbgjzhbycGvawqC21j33QrPHacXVgmCclw6QPp6pvGU9FQQ4cuL3KJX-3vg-aOyA690%7EEWAY6BYUibdCw0J-PMl-agaF-6C7a-rsKlrOT5%7EoJR4gEihx07t8YZb6NeDb-0JKnaME6FU5hdgDKk0HD2ruEm%7EgGSsYw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 3fdccc7306a0a18f0fda088e1b57ba89 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Larry H. Whiteaker Description An account of the resource A.B., Tennessee Technological University, 1968; M.S., Princeton University, 1972; Ph.D., Princeton University, 1977. While he was a student at Tennessee Tech, he earned the first Woodrow Wilson Fellowship ever awarded to Tech. Began working at TTU in 1973 as an Assistant Professor of History and became an Associate Professor of History in 1977. Ceased working at TTU in 2010. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/c8eca5fc8499ffb4b1893d8a0680ef50.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=eFWcKIVGOZiEDPRTfxifznGJwMawX-TSdFgIPvOATxz0Ira5HKlK%7E2-zcldV3%7EO2y6AImc90dBrwFj97Fr74NmmpKaFpmgE9GQu8S3Be8aVyY5o8lUV%7EgY548K-%7Ej4ptMZ2tlLAq-tJeIneHbn0ZTew8wTAZ6nf7mgXAv3XNFFZ8iTcF1vL15hcEqQDyOuK0DW-r0O1JHHNWHJDO9SZZVKfX8egMGx5BiaV2jDI2FzlDtqAa%7EKAfSzuHX9NDcVkD%7EDWM5Rvl9bcVv8qFRvfAWGnSdbCzr9bDjmcZoh34V5ko1CCG9UCIiHohzoTCIljdfxdThLdjLHgKiCsw33uk9Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ae62138076f13a86510e22dd7927c1fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. George E. Webb Description An account of the resource Earned B.A. in 1973 and M.A. in 1974 at the University of Arizona; earned Ph.D. at the University of Arizona, 1978. Assistant Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1978-1983; Associate Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1983-1988; Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1988-2015. Received the title of Professor Emeritus at Tennessee Technological University. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1978 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/17042840f1b38282f988f644ec748ff7.jpeg?Expires=1787788800&Signature=kJ0VJWDzMT5wLcgrlcxayhKTuEk1JXZXxhsIhZc%7EBG7PUdRayKWk0IvPzMKnhY9BLrClxa8V2SmIKYL9ItclUYN2fuVZDVNgen1wkAjJ2eCuP8bhyQYZt9U5ydHoMbLgsgkQOLO6UTK1y4qa-waeYXV2Wb3z39OireAlKBWFyH7oJ5cNeVSMoIEaok9KBpaDz0327dAdUlpwP1blbLhURU7MxlSZrVkyCHXDRjFHyRhllVYkq21nYZeoEuAK5GL-FXgyQbABEqsUGiLiD77iCcneIg8Yw16V3sz%7EVqOIpUzYUJi9fgzyrQkB-4O0cK6te2J4RFxLPdK5Q3dGFvLEJg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9d2fa9d1091b70b3fe577b2caa20d5ce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Jeffery J. Roberts Description An account of the resource Received his B.A. from Cornell University, 1981; received his M.A. from The Ohio State University, 1984; received his Ph.D. from The Ohio State University, 1990. Assistant Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1991-1996; Associate Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1997-2002; Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 2003-as of 2026. He became Interim Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences in 2022. Specializations in 20th Century Europe, Russia, Middle East, and American Military. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1991 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1990s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/54066/archive/files/1832247f9bfb8573c5918ae3a0bdd0ff.png?Expires=1787788800&Signature=Dp9pacK-CvbjZXpBGiPp71XgGJ-NLdcrT6o8wmtBdlyL3xoPujOJu39N-I8fMpm8cjpGTJKz0qMl4Cwecq7741G08FPPlNo5aXxrYSTLOF0iAN%7E6tv%7E4vkDbAfewctOJIkWfvQQ9uivXmnrITWs%7EykFCtGtLcAQEDnEuWovNRku1f1zk0a9C-mIf9V6WbIPV-erLqEiOa8LiIlC0I6DYnu6nBvalD6wUOVuutaGQULeso3qSIU6y0mdz91IcNq0VJVtN%7EmGlNL6S7Dj7k3iuwnsTBQjS2gXbpP23IAeswwxheiv7qksmkFYtv7lskfy4y4XyruC15MHBT-N4lXgQmA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 68527dc68a02df780eb9a366406906fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource rights: In Copyright rights Holder: Tennessee Technological University access Rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History Faculty Timeline Information Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Patrick D. Reagan Description An account of the resource Received Bachelor of Arts Honors in History magna cum laude from Kenyon College, 1975; Received a Master of Arts in History from Ohio State University, 1976; Received a Ph.D. for Philosophy in History from Ohio State University, 1982; Visiting Instructor for Kenyon College, 1980-1982. Assistant Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1982-1987; Associate Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1987-1992; Professor at Tennessee Technological University, 1992- 2016. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982 Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1980s